The damaged joint surfaces in all three compartments are replaced with an artificial joint. Metal components of the implant are fixed to the ends of the femur and tibia, with or without the use of cement. A plastic spacer is placed between the two metal components to enhance smoothness and reduce friction. The surgery follows a fast-track protocol, allowing patients to walk on the first day, climb stairs within 2-3 days, and be discharged by the fourth day.

90% of implants last 15-20 years without complications. Recent technological advancements, such as Zirconium (Oxinium) coatings and cross-linked polyethylene, are expected to extend implant longevity by an additional 10 years. link